Imibane yoMbane idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni isakhiwo sakho kumandla atshabalalisayo ombane. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ezi ntonga zitsala umbane, kodwa le yintsomi. Kunoko, babonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo yokuba umbane ufikelele emhlabeni, uthintele umonakalo. Umbane ubetha iUnited States malunga nezigidi ezingama-25 ngonyaka, ubangela umonakalo omkhulu wepropathi kunye nokufa kwabantu. Ukukhusela isakhiwo sakho ngokhuseleko olululo lombane kunokuthintela imililo kunye nokonakala kwesakhiwo, kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwepropati kunye nabo bahlala kuyo.

Ukuqonda uMbane neengozi zawo

Ubume boMbane

Indlela umbane obumba ngayo

Umbane wenzeka xa imirhumo yombane ikhula kumafu esiphango. Usenokuzibuza ukuba kwenzeka njani oku. Njengoko iingqimba zamafu zihamba, zidala ukungqubana, okwahlula iintlawulo ezilungileyo nezibi. Iintlawulo ezimbi ziqokelelana emazantsi elifu, ngelixa iintlawulo ezilungileyo ziqokelelana emhlabeni. Xa umahluko kwintlawulo uba mkhulu kakhulu, ukukhutshwa kombane ngokukhawuleza kwenzeka, kudala umbane.

Ukuphindaphinda kunye neempembelelo zokubetha kombane

Umbane ubetha rhoqo kwihlabathi jikelele. EUnited States kuphela, umbane ubetha izihlandlo ezimalunga nezigidi ezingama-25 nyaka ngamnye. Olu qhankqalazo lunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngokutsho kweNational Lightning Safety Institute, umbane ubangela imililo engaphezulu kwama-26,000 ngonyaka e-USA, okukhokelela kumonakalo wepropathi odlula i-5-6 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Oku kuqaqambisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda kunye nokunciphisa imingcipheko eyayanyaniswa nombane.

Ukonakaliswa Okunokubakho kwiZibetho zoMbane

Umonakalo wesakhiwo

Umbane unokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwisakhiwo. Xa umbane ubetha, unokudala imingxuma kuphahla, ukuqhekeza iifestile, kunye neendonga eziqhekezayo. Ubushushu obumandla kunye namandla avela kugwayimbo angenza buthathaka isakhiwo sesakhiwo, sisenze singakhuseleki kubahlali.

Iingozi zomlilo

Iingozi zomlilo zibangela omnye umngcipheko obalulekileyo wokubetha kombane. Ubushushu obuphezulu bombane bunokutshisa izinto ezinokutsha, ezikhokelela emlilweni. Le mililo inokunwenwa ngokukhawuleza, ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwimpahla kwaye ibeke esichengeni ubomi. Ukukhusela isakhiwo sakho kumbane kunokunceda ukuthintela imililo etshabalalisa ngolo hlobo.

Umonakalo wenkqubo yombane

Umbane usenokwenza umonakalo kwiinkqubo zombane. Xa umbane ubetha, unokuthumela isantya sombane ngeengcingo zesakhiwo. Oku kunyuka kunokonakalisa izixhobo zombane, i-electronics, kunye neziseko zombane ngokwazo. Unokufumana ukucima kombane okanye umonakalo osisigxina kwizixhobo zakho. Ukufakela ukhuseleko olululo lombane kunokukhusela iinkqubo zakho zombane kolu lwando lutshabalalisayo.

Indima yeeNtonga zoMbane

Umsebenzi kunye neNjongo

Indlela iintonga zombane ezisebenza ngayo

Iintonga zombane zisebenza njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokukhusela izakhiwo ngokuchasene namandla atshabalalisayo ombane. Xa umbane ubetha, ufuna indlela yokungaxhathisi kangako emhlabeni. Unokucinga ngeentonga zombane njengezikhokelo ezikhokela la mandla anamandla ngokukhuselekileyo kude nesakhiwo sakho. Ngokubonelela ngendlela ephantsi yokumelana, banqanda umbane wombane ukuba ubangele umonakalo kwiindawo ezingaqhubekiyo zesakhiwo. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba amandla ahamba ngokungenabungozi ngentonga kunye neentambo zayo, ekugqibeleni afikelele emhlabeni.

Amacandelo enkqubo yokukhusela umbane

A olunzuluinkqubo yokukhusela umbaneiqulathe amacandelo aphambili aliqela. Okokuqala, intonga yombane ngokwayo, ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwindawo ephezulu yesakhiwo, itsala ukubetha kombane. Emva koko, iintambo zokuqhuba ezenziwe ngobhedu okanye i-aluminium zidibanisa intonga emhlabeni. Ezi ntambo zihambisa amandla ombane ngokukhuselekileyo kude nesakhiwo. Ekugqibeleni, iinkqubo zokumisa umhlaba zisasaza amandla emhlabeni, zigqibezela inkqubo yokukhusela. Ngokudibeneyo, la macandelo asebenza ngemvisiswano ukukhusela isakhiwo sakho kumonakalo onokwenzeka wombane.

Umxholo wezeMbali kunye ne-Evolution

Ukuveliswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwangaphambili

Ukuveliswa kwentonga yombane kuqale emva1752xa uBenjamin Franklin wazisa esi sixhobo somhlaba. Umdla kaFranklin malunga nombane wamkhokelela ekubeni enze intonga yokuqala yombane, edumileyo esebenzisa ikhayithi efakwe isitshixo sentsimbi. Oku kuqanjwa kwaphawula ukuqhubela phambili okubonakalayo ekuqondeni umbane kwaye kwabonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo sokukhusela izakhiwo ekubetheni umbane. Ngu1753, imibane eneencam zobhedu okanye zeplatinam zaye zamkelwa ngokubanzi, ingakumbi kumntla-mpuma weUnited States. Olu fakelo lwakwangoko alugcinanga nje ukusindisa ubomi abaninzi kodwa luthintele imililo emininzi.

Inkqubela phambili yangoku

Ukutyhubela iminyaka, iintonga zombane ziye zavela kakhulu. Inkqubela phambili yale mihla iphucule impumelelo kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Namhlanje, unokufumana iintonga zombane eziyilwe ngezinto eziphambili kunye netekhnoloji yokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo. Olu tshintsho luqinisekisa ukuba iintonga zombane ziyaqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni izakhiwo ekubetheni umbane. Ngaphandle kokuvela kwazo, umgaqo osisiseko uhlala ufana: ukubonelela ngendlela ekhuselekileyo yokuba umbane ufikelele emhlabeni, ngaloo ndlela ukhusela izakhiwo kunye nabahlali bazo.

Amanyathelo oKhuseleko olongezelelweyo

Ngelixa iiNtonga zoMbane zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluyimfuneko, unokuphucula ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo sakho ngamanyathelo ongezelelweyo. Ezi nkqubo zihambelanayo zisebenza kunye neeNtonga zoMbane ukunika ukhuselo olubanzi ngakumbi malunga nokubetha umbane.

Iinkqubo eziFanayo

Surge abakhuseli

Abakhuseli botyando badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni izixhobo zakho zombane. Xa umbane ubetha, unokubangela ukunyuka kwamandla okwenza umonakalo we-elektroniki. Izikhuseli zeSurgery zisebenza njengesithintelo, zifunxa amandla ombane amaninzi kwaye ziwuthintele ekufikeleleni kwizixhobo zakho. Ngokufakela abakhuseli botyando, uyaqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zakho zombane kunye nezixhobo zombane zihlala zikhuselekile ngexesha lesaqhwithi. Olu longezo olulula luncedisa umsebenzi weeNtonga zoMbane ngokukhusela amacandelo angaphakathi kwisakhiwo sakho.

Iinkqubo zokubeka phantsi komhlaba

Iinkqubo zokubeka umhlaba yenye inxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko lombane. Banikezela indlela ethe ngqo kwimisinga yombane ukufikelela ngokukhuselekileyo emhlabeni. Xa zidityaniswe neeNtonga zoMbane, iinkqubo zokumisa umhlaba ziqinisekisa ukuba amandla asuka kukubetha kombane asasazeke ngokungenabungozi emhlabeni. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo wesakhiwo kunye neengozi zomlilo. Ukumisa okufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kwesicwangciso sakho sokukhusela umbane.

Imigangatho kunye neMimiselo

Ukuthobela imigangatho kunye nemimiselo kubalulekile xa kuphunyezwa iinkqubo zokukhusela umbane. Ezi zikhokelo ziqinisekisa ukuba isakhiwo sakho sifumana inqanaba eliphezulu lokhuseleko.

Imigangatho yesizwe neyehlabathi

INFPA 780umgangatho uchaza iimfuno zokufaka iiNtonga zoMbane kunye neenkqubo ezinxulumene nazo. Olu xwebhu lusebenza njengesikhokelo esibanzi sokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu kunye nolwakhiwo kumbane. Ngokulandela le migangatho, uzalisekisa uxanduva lwakho olusemthethweni kwaye wenze isigqibo sokhuseleko esilumkileyo. Ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yelizwe kunye neyamazwe ngamazwe iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yokukhusela umbane yesakhiwo sakho ihlangabezana nemilinganiselo efunekayo yokusebenza.

Izikhokelo zokuthotyelwa kunye nokhuseleko

Ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko ayiloxanduva nje lomthetho; linyathelo elisebenzayo elibhekiselele ekukhuseleni indawo yakho kunye nabo bahlala kuyo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kweeNtonga zoMbane kunye neenkqubo ezongezelelweyo ziqinisekisa ukuba zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Ngokuthobela ezi zikhokelo, unciphisa umngcipheko weziganeko ezinxulumene nombane. Oku kuzibophelela kukhuseleko kubonakalisa indlela enoxanduva kulawulo lwezakhiwo.

Ukubandakanya le milinganiselo yokukhusela eyongezelelweyo kunye neeNgxobhozo zoMbane kudala ukhuseleko oluqinileyo malunga nokubetha umbane. Ngokuqonda kunye nokuphumeza ezi nkqubo, uphucula ukhuseleko kunye nokomelela kwesakhiwo sakho.

Ingcebiso eSebenzayo yokuPhunyezwa

Izikhokelo zoFakelo

Ukukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo

Ukukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo yokukhusela umbane kwisakhiwo sakho kubalulekile. Kufuneka uqwalasele izinto ezifana nobude besakhiwo, indawo, kunye nokuphindaphinda kweendudumo kwindawo yakho. Izakhiwo ezikwiingingqi ezinombane rhoqo zifuna iinkqubo ezomeleleyo. Ukubonisana nekontraka eqinisekisiweyo yokukhusela umbane kunokukunceda wenze isigqibo esinolwazi. Ezi ngcali zivavanya iimfuno ezithile zesakhiwo sakho kwaye zicebisa eyona nkqubo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu.

Iingcebiso zofakelo lobuchwephesha

Ukufakwa kobungcali kweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwazo. Kuya kufuneka uqeshe ikontraka eqinisekisiweyo elandela imigangatho yoshishino. IIziko loKhuseleko loMbaneigxininisa ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa iisistim eziqinisekisiweyo ezibonelela ngendlela echaziweyo yokuthoba ngokukhuselekileyo umsinga otshajiweyo kakhulu wombane. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokuhlola umntu wesithathu iqinisekisa ukuba ukufakela kuhlangabezana nazo zonke izikhokelo zokhuseleko. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ukuba isixokelelwano sakho sisebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwaye sibonelela ngokhuseleko olululo.

ULondolozo kunye noHlolo

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa

Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwenkqubo yakho yokukhusela umbane kubalulekile. Kuya kufuneka ucwangcise uhlolo lwamaxesha athile ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amacandelo akwimeko entle. Olu hlolo lunceda ukuchonga nayiphi na imiba enokuthi ibeke esichengeni ukusebenza kwenkqubo. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kubandakanya ukuqinisa uxhulumaniso, ukujonga ukubola, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokumisa zihlala zilungile. Ngokugcina inkqubo yakho, wandisa ubomi bayo kwaye uqinisekise ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo.

Iimpawu zokuguga okanye umonakalo

Kufuneka uzilumkele iimpawu zokuguga okanye umonakalo kwinkqubo yakho yokukhusela umbane. Khangela i-corrosion ebonakalayo kwiintambo okanye iintonga, ukudibanisa okuxekethileyo, kunye naluphi na umonakalo womzimba kumacandelo. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na le miba, qhagamshelana nochwepheshe ngokukhawuleza. Ukujongana nezi ngxaki ngokukhawuleza kuthintela ukusilela okunokwenzeka ngexesha lokubetha kombane. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa kwangexesha kugcina inkqubo yakho ikwimeko efanelekileyo, ikhusela isakhiwo sakho kwiingozi ezinxulumene nombane.

Iinkqubo zokukhusela umbane zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni isakhiwo sakho kumandla atshabalalisayo ombane. Banikezela indlela ephantsi ye-impedance yombane wangoku, ukukhusela umonakalo wesakhiwo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabahlali. Kufuneka uvavanye iimfuno ezikhethekileyo zesakhiwo sakho ukumisela eyona nkqubo yokhuseleko isebenzayo. Utyalo-mali kwinkqubo yokukhusela yombane ebanzi inika ukhuseleko lwezemali kunye noxolo lwengqondo. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko, udala indawo ekhuselekileyo yepropathi yakho kwaye uphelise ixesha lokungasebenzi kwenkqubo. Beka phambili ukhuseleko lombane ukukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho kunye nokukhusela ubomi.