5/8 "Copper hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kila honua koʻokoʻo no ka ʻōnaehana honua e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea kanu mana, substation, hale kiaʻi laina hoʻouna,

kahua kamaʻilionā kikowaena, nā mokulele, nā kaʻaahi, nā ʻano hale kiʻekiʻe a pau, ke kahua hoʻokele microwave,

ka lumi kamepiula pūnaewele, hoʻokumu ʻia,ʻaila hoʻoheheʻe ʻaila, nā waihona aila a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe no ka anti-static grounding,

kahua pale, hana, etc.

I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā pōʻino i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā hewa o ka grounding device i kēlā me kēia lāma waena o nā ʻoihana

oʻaila ʻaila,uila, kamaʻilio a pēlā aku, no laila maikaʻiua pili ka mea nui i ka hilinaʻi,

kūpaʻa ake ola lawelawe o nā mea hoʻokumu honua.No laila, electroforming keleawe cladding kila lohi

pani i kakuʻunake kila galvanized wela a me ka hoʻohuihui welama ka pono o kona mau pono omaikaʻi loa 

hana conductivity,ke kū'ē i ka palaho, ka ikaika tensile nui.

1)ʻOi aku ka maʻemaʻe o ke keleawe i hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka cladding ma mua o 99.95%.

2)ʻO ke kumu kila he kila kalapona haʻahaʻaka meaʻo ke kalapona ma kahi o 0.15%.

3)Tʻo iacopperpaa gpoepoerhiki ke hiki i ka 90 ma ka radius kiʻekiʻeof100mm

me ka ha'iha'i keleawe 'ole a me ka hopena 'ole i ka ho'opa'a ma waena o ke kila a me ka pale keleawe.

4) Maikaʻi i ka anticorrosion ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻana-ke ola ma mua o 50 mau makahiki, kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa mau a me ka plasticity maikaʻi.

nona na ano o ke keleawe maemae.

5)Ua uhi piha ʻia ke koʻokoʻo lepo me ka pale keleawe me ka ʻole o nā māwae, nā lua, nā lua a me nāc.

Ka pale ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o ke kumu kila i ka lepo a me ka maʻa, i mea e hana ai i ka corrosion maikaʻi.